Imam Ghazali’s book, Kitaab Al-Arba’in Fi Usul ad-Din, ‘The Forty Principles of the Religion,’ which he wrote before his death, is a summary of Ihya Ulumuddin, and his life’s works and thoughts. In the chapters on purification of the heart, Ghazali mentions 10 principles. Pride is the eight principle. If we look at the world today and throughout history, arrogance and inflated egos of power-hungry leaders have caused endless bloodshed and wars and promoted collective arrogance in the form of nationalism, jingoism and racism. Shakespeare said: He that is proud eats up......

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